SystemBSA/AML Compliance

Customer Risk Rating

Customer risk rating that explains every change in one cited sentence, re-scored the night a fact changes and signed by two people

Every member's rating explained in one sentence, re-scored the day a fact changes.

See one case, screen by screen ↓
demo152changesproposed overnight from 4,118 members with a changed fact; 19 came to a person, the rest in six like-change batches
demo0of 7,140High ratings resting on member type alone, in last night's whole-book test
target100%of rating changes explained in one sentence, every fact cited with its weight
target2daysfrom a changed fact to an approved High rating, not the next scheduled review
In short

What is Customer Risk Rating?

A customer risk rating is the customer risk profile a bank or credit union keeps for every customer, used to set how closely monitoring watches the relationship and when enhanced due diligence starts. Customer Risk Rating is a solution in which agents re-score a member the night a fact changes, explain each rating change in one sentence whose every clause cites its source and weight, hold type-only and open-activity changes, and route every upgrade and downgrade to a maker and a different checker.

AI use cases in banking: a buyer's guide to agentic AI for bank and credit union operations →

Updated

The problem

Why a customer risk rating goes stale, and why nobody can explain it

A customer risk rating is the customer risk profile the FinCEN CDD rule and the FFIEC BSA/AML Examination Manual expect for every customer: it sets how closely monitoring watches the relationship and when enhanced due diligence (EDD) starts. The manual's December 2021 update and the July 2022 interagency joint statement both say that no customer type automatically presents a higher risk, so a rating has to rest on what a customer does, not only on what it is.

Today the rating is usually a scorecard filled in at account opening and refreshed on a calendar. A member whose cash deposits triple in July is still Moderate in December, the reason behind any rating is arithmetic nobody can read aloud, high tiers fill with members whose only elevated attribute is their type, and a downgrade can be signed while an alert is still open. A weight change made in a spreadsheet can move thousands of members with no back-test. Customer Risk Rating puts eight agents in front of that work: they re-score on change, explain, check and draft, and a BSA analyst and a different checker sign every change.

demo3,400changes a monthat a credit union of the demo's size; about 410 need an analyst one by one
demo6,412memberswould change tier under one methodology revision, found by the whole-book back-test before it scores anyone
demo5systemshold the facts behind one rating: core banking, transaction monitoring, account opening, OFAC screening and case management
Where an analyst's minutes go on one rating changeestimated
By hand160 minutes
With the solution20 minutes
  • Pulling cash, wire, account and profile facts from five systems45 → 3 min
  • Re-working the scorecard and the weight of each factor20 → 2 min
  • Checking open alerts, cases, 314(a) matches and pending EDD20 → 2 min
  • Writing the reason for the file25 → 3 min
  • Second review and signature20 → 5 min
  • Drafting the EDD questions on a move into High30 → 5 min

Estimated split of one individual rating change, by hand and with the agents; our arithmetic, kept modest. The 'after' column is the person's reading and deciding time; the agents' overnight run is not counted.

How it works

How one changed fact becomes a signed rating

A Watcher finds changed facts, the Rating agent writes the because-sentence, two checkers hold; analyst and checker sign.

What comes in
Five systems, every nightabout 3,400 changes a month · core, monitoring, account opening, screening, cases
Agents at work
Fact Watcherlinks facts to a member
Then
Rating agentone cited sentence
Then
Type-Bias Checkerno High by type
Hold Checkeropen activity, stale facts
A person decides
Analyst prepares, a checker signsevery upgrade and downgrade
What comes out
Rating explained
EDD drafted
Examiner pack
One case, step by step

One customer risk rating change, from a changed fact to two signatures

Thursday, October 22, 2026, at Norrell Federal Credit Union, a $6.8 billion credit union with 520,000 members. Here is how one night's rating changes reach a decision, screen by screen, in the working solution.

  1. 019:12 AM

    The night's work, and one sentence to decide

    Tamsin Orr · BSA Analyst

    Between 2:00 and 2:41 AM the Fact Watcher found 4,118 members with a changed fact, and the Rating agent proposed 152 rating changes under methodology v4.2: 88 up, 64 down. 133 went into six like-change batches and 19 came to Tamsin, three of them held. A banner says the OFAC screening service answered late at 6:10 AM; 212 members were re-screened at 6:24 AM and nothing was lost.

    Kestrel Ridge Supply Co. moves from Moderate to High because monthly cash deposits rose from $22,000 to $71,000 (+14) and wires began to two counterparties in jurisdictions on Norrell's high-risk list (+15).

  2. 02One click

    Each because opens its source and its weight

    Tamsin Orr

    The cash clause opens the core banking system's cash deposit summary for business checking ••6620: $64,800 in July, $71,300 in August and $76,900 in September, against $25,000 expected. Beside it is the weight in methodology v4.2: rule A-3 cash intensity, in the Activity family, +14 points, validated by Rafael Quint and approved by Helena Marchetti.

  3. 032:39–2:41 AM

    Two checks, and what would move the rating back

    Type-Bias Checker and Hold Checker

    Under the sentence: member type gives 6 of 67 points, and without it Kestrel Ridge is still High at 61, so rule G-2 is met. No open alert, case, 314(a) match or pending EDD; the large-cash alert TM-26-0930-4471 was closed on September 30. Confidence is 0.94, above the 0.85 threshold.

    It returns to Moderate only if cash deposits stay under $40,000 a month for three months and no wire goes to a listed jurisdiction for 90 days.

  4. 049:16 AM

    She asks the agents, then approves as maker

    Tamsin Orr

    Tamsin asks who the two wire counterparties are. The answer is cited: Varnholt Trading Ltd. (list entry HRJ-07), 4 wires for $108,700, and Brisa Coastal Imports S.A. (HRJ-12), 3 wires for $77,700; neither is a Norrell member, and the OFAC screening service cleared both. She approves as maker, and the change waits for a second signature.

  5. 059:22 AM

    A different person signs second

    Wendell Ashby · Senior BSA Analyst

    Wendell sees the same sentence, sources and checks Tamsin saw: rule A-3 +14, rule G-4 +15, confidence 0.94, both checks passed. He signs second, and the rating is written to the core banking system and the transaction monitoring system. On a batch he prepared himself, the Sign button is locked.

  6. 06Same morning

    Enhanced due diligence, drafted and handed off

    EDD Hand-off agent

    EDD-26-1022-0117 is opened in case management, due November 21, 2026, with investigator Imani Rourke. Four questions are tied to the facts behind them: where the cash comes from, what the wires are for, the relationship to the two counterparties, and what activity to expect from now on.

    Tipping-off check passed: no mention of monitoring, alerts, risk ratings, investigations or reports.

  7. 07Held

    A downgrade is held while an alert is open

    Hold Checker

    Leona Strick is proposed to move from High to Low: her account went dormant after 14 months with no activity, and her international wire service was closed on August 4, 2025. The Hold Checker stops it under rule H-1, because a joint account she shares has open alert TM-26-1009-2281, rapid movement of funds, opened October 9. Tamsin rejects the downgrade with reason code OA, Open activity, and Leona stays High until the alert closes.

    Held: your call

  8. 08One decision for 41

    Like changes in a batch, after a risk-weighted sample

    Batch & Sample agent

    Batch B-1022-1 holds 41 consumer members moving from Low to Moderate because P2P payments stayed over $3,000 a month for three months (rule A-7). The agent picks the 5 members closest to the tier boundary; Tamsin reads and agrees with each, then approves the batch once. Any member can be taken out for individual review.

  9. 09Every night

    No member type is rated High automatically

    Type-Bias Checker

    The whole book is tested every night. Rule G-1 caps member type at 10 of 100 points, and rule G-2 says a move into High needs facts from at least one family other than the member profile. Pellham Street Money Services LLC is held today: only its member-profile facts moved, and without them it stays Moderate at 52.

    7,140 High ratings tested, 0 resting on type alone.

  10. 10Before v4.3 scores anyone

    The customer risk rating methodology, back-tested on the whole book

    Methodology Steward · Rafael Quint, Model Risk Manager

    Wendell drafted v4.3 on October 15: a higher P2P threshold in rule A-7, a three-month cash average in rule A-3, and the September high-risk list in rule G-4. The Methodology Steward back-tested it on all 520,000 members: 6,412 would change tier. Rafael validates it with a memo, and only then can Helena Marchetti approve it.

Who it’s for

Built for everyone who signs a customer risk rating.

Five people at Norrell Federal Credit Union who carry one rating change from the overnight run to the exam: what their day looked like, and what it looks like now.

TO
Tamsin OrrBSA Analyst · prepares every rating change she agrees with
BSA Analyst
Before
Pulls facts from five systems, re-works a scorecard and writes the reason by hand for every rating she changes.
Now
Reads one sentence, opens any clause's source, asks the agents back, and signs as maker.
WA
Wendell AshbySenior BSA Analyst · signs second, drafts methodology changes
Senior BSA Analyst
Before
Signs second on a summary, without the evidence the maker saw.
Now
Sees the same sentence, sources and checks the maker saw, and can never sign his own work.
HM
Helena MarchettiBSA Officer · owns the methodology and the program
BSA Officer
Before
Explains the risk distribution to the supervisory committee from spreadsheets assembled each quarter.
Now
Signs a drafted quarterly report with every figure cited, and approves a methodology only after Model Risk validates it.
RQ
Rafael QuintModel Risk Manager · validates every methodology and agent version
Model Risk Manager
Before
Asks for a back-test after a weight change has already moved members.
Now
Validates a version against the whole book, with the tier migration and the type-bias test, before it scores anyone.
CB
Corinne BabbageInternal Auditor · reads everything, changes nothing
Internal Auditor
Before
Rebuilds who changed a rating, on what facts and under which version, from several systems.
Now
Builds an NCUA examiner pack in one step, redacted and signed with a SHA-256 manifest.
Built on the engine

8 agents. Each with one job, and hard limits.

A Watcher finds changed facts, the Rating agent writes the because-sentence, two checkers hold; analyst and checker sign.

Fact Watcher

Reads the core banking system, transaction monitoring system, digital account opening platform, OFAC screening service and case management each night, and links every changed fact to a member.

  • Never scores a member
  • Never writes to a system of record
Rating agent

Scores the member's five families under the approved methodology, writes the change as one sentence and the reverse sentence, and cites every fact.

  • Never applies a rating
  • Never uses an unapproved methodology version
  • Below 0.85 confidence it flags the change for close reading
Type-Bias Checker

Tests each proposed High, and the whole book every night, for ratings that rest on member type alone (rules G-1 and G-2).

  • Never lowers a rating itself; it only holds and explains
Hold Checker

Cross-checks each change against open alerts, cases, 314(a) matches, pending EDD and facts newer than the score.

  • Never releases a hold
  • Never reveals a SAR outside the BSA Unit
Batch & Sample agent

Groups like changes by direction, drivers and evidence, and picks a risk-weighted sample closest to the tier boundary.

  • Never batches a move into or out of High, a held change or a low-confidence change
EDD Hand-off agent

On a move into High, drafts the EDD case with questions and documents, and opens it in case management after the second signature.

  • Never contacts the member
  • Never mentions monitoring or SARs in member-facing text
Methodology Steward

Back-tests a proposed methodology version on the whole book and writes the validation pack.

  • Never activates a version
Report Writer

Drafts the supervisory committee report and builds examiner and audit packs.

  • Never sends; a named person signs
BSA analyst and a checker

Maker prepares, a different person signs. The agents propose; a named person decides.

Ask in plain words

Ask the agents about any member

Ask about a member, a rating or a rule. The agents answer from the systems of record, with sources, and never change a rating themselves.

Who are the two wire counterparties?

Varnholt Trading Ltd. (list entry HRJ-07): 4 wires, $108,700. Brisa Coastal Imports S.A. (HRJ-12): 3 wires, $77,700. Neither is a Norrell member, and the OFAC screening service cleared both names on every wire. Both jurisdictions are on list v2026-09.

Was the September cash alert closed correctly?

Imani Rourke closed TM-26-0930-4471 on September 30 as not suspicious at this time, citing seasonal contract sales. September cash was $76,900 in 47 deposits, and that trend is what moved the rating. The drafted EDD case asks for the contracts that would explain it.

What is the open alert?

TM-26-1009-2281, opened October 9 on joint share draft ••4470, which Leona Strick owns with Dorian Strick: $48,000 in by ACH and $46,500 out by P2P to 9 recipients within 36 hours. Jonah Pell has it in review.

When can it move down?

Only after TM-26-1009-2281 is closed. The agents re-check the night it closes and propose the change again, with the closure cited.

Every screen

The working solution, as it ships.

13 screens from the working solution, on its sample data. Pick one to see it large.

The customer risk rating as one sentence, every reason citedA rating change reads as a sentence, not a scorecard: Kestrel Ridge Supply Co. moves from Moderate to High, each because clause a chip with its points. Under it sit the previous rating and its signer, the score walk from 38 to 67, the Type-Bias Checker's and Hold Checker's results, what would move the rating back, and one decision.
Every risk factor opens its source and its weight in the methodologyThe cash clause opens the core banking system's cash deposit summary with the three-month average highlighted, next to rule A-3 cash intensity, its family, its points and who validated and approved it.
The analyst asks the agents, then approves as makerA cited answer about the two wire counterparties, then the approval: the change waits for a second signature, and enhanced due diligence is drafted.
A different person signs secondThe checker sees the same sentence, sources and checks the maker saw, and the signed rating is written to the core banking and transaction monitoring systems. A checker can never sign work they prepared.
A downgrade is held while an alert is openThe Hold Checker stops a High to Low downgrade because a joint account the member shares has an open monitoring alert, and shows the evidence. Type-only and stale-fact changes are held the same way.
Rejecting with a reason code, kept on the recordEvery rejection and override carries one of seven reason codes and a note. The checker agent's suggested code, OA Open activity, is preselected; the person decides.
Like changes in batches, after a risk-weighted sampleSix batches tonight. The open one moves 41 consumer members from Low to Moderate under rule A-7; the analyst reads the 5 closest to the tier boundary, then makes one decision, and any member can be taken out.
The member's customer risk profile: every past rating as a sentenceKestrel Ridge Supply Co.'s rating history reads as a story, each entry with its methodology version, maker and checker, next to the score by family and the facts on file, with account numbers redacted to the last four.
Enhanced due diligence for a high risk customer, drafted and handed offOn a move into High, an agent drafts the EDD case: four questions tied to the facts behind them, the documents to ask for, and a request to the member that passes a tipping-off check.
No member type is rated High automaticallyEvery High rating is tested every night for ratings that rest on member type alone, by type: members, Highs, share, points from type, and Highs by type alone. Sources: the FFIEC manual and the 2022 interagency joint statement.
The customer risk rating methodology, back-tested on the whole bookVersion 4.3 is back-tested on all 520,000 members, with the tier migration matrix, then validated by Model Risk and approved by the BSA Officer before it scores anyone.
The risk distribution report for the supervisory committeeAn agent drafts the third-quarter report with every figure cited and no member names: 10,186 rating changes, 1,231 read one by one, EDD finished within 30 days for 381 of 402. The BSA Officer signs and sends it.
The audit trail and the NCUA examiner packEvery action by people and agents is on the record with its reason and evidence. The examiner pack holds every rating change with its sentence, sources, maker and checker, redacted and signed with a SHA-256 manifest.
Governance

Customer risk ratings that are cited, checked and signed.

Six roles, separated by dutyA BSA Analyst prepares, a Senior BSA Analyst signs second, the BSA Officer owns the methodology and countersigns overrides, Model Risk validates, an Internal Auditor reads and exports, and an administrator runs settings with no rating decisions. No one signs their own work, and no one approves a methodology they drafted.
Maker and checker on every changeEvery rating change and every batch is approved by a maker and signed by a different checker. Moves into High and overrides need a Senior BSA Analyst or the BSA Officer; overriding a hold needs the BSA Officer.
Every reason cites its source and weightEach because clause opens the source passage in the system of record and the rule, family and points in the approved methodology. Rejections and overrides carry one of seven reason codes and a note.
Methodology as a validated releaseA new version is drafted, back-tested on the whole book, validated by Model Risk and approved by the BSA Officer before it scores anyone. Agent and model versions, prompts, thresholds and 30-day override rates are on record.
No tipping off, numbers redactedMember risk is visible to the BSA Unit only, under GLBA least-privilege access. Account numbers are redacted to the last four, and a SAR's existence never appears on a member-facing view; the BSA Officer can preview what a member-facing employee sees.
A five-year trail and examiner packsWho, what, when, why and which evidence, for people and agents, kept five years from each decision. An auditor builds a pack for the NCUA examiner, a state regulator, internal audit or the BSA Officer in one step.
Configuration

Your customer risk rating methodology and clocks, as settings

The thresholds, clocks and reason codes every rating change runs on are settings, changed by the administrator and kept on the audit trail.

SettingDefaultChoose from
Confidence for a person0.85Below it, the change is flagged for close reading
Confidence for a batch0.90Only Low ↔ Moderate, no holds
Tier cut-offsLow 0–34 · Moderate 35–59 · High 60+Set by the approved methodology version
Clocks2 business days into High; 5 for other moves; 3 for batchesSecond signature within 1 business day; EDD case 30 calendar days
EscalationAt 80% of a clock and at breachTo the Senior BSA Analyst, then the BSA Officer
Periodic re-scoreQuarterly, next January 4, 2027The whole book, on top of nightly re-score on change
Sampling10–12% of each batch, at least 2Risk-weighted, closest to the tier boundary first
Retention5 years from each decisionAccount numbers redacted to the last four (31 CFR 1010.430)
Connections

Works with the systems a BSA unit already runs on

Core banking systemmembers, accounts, services, cash and wire activity; the signed rating is written back
Transaction monitoring systemalerts and their status; the new tier sets its thresholds
Digital account opening platformmember type, owners and expected activity
OFAC screening servicescreening results for members and counterparties, with a designed late-answer state
Case managementcases, EDD status and 314(a) results; EDD cases opened from the hand-off
Document imagingmember documents and EDD responses
What it changes

The difference, in numbers.

Every figure is labelled: a target the solution is built to, an estimate, a typical published result, or a proven one.

target
100%
of rating changes explained in one sentence, every fact cited with its weight in the approved methodology
target
2days
from a changed fact to an approved High rating, instead of the next scheduled review
Todaya re-rate every 1 to 3 years
With agentswithin 2 business days
target
0
High ratings resting on member type alone, tested across the whole book every night

“demo” = seen in the working solution, on its sample data · “target” = the design goal, measured in the live solution · “estimated” = our estimate (the split of an analyst's minutes on one rating change). Rules named for context: the FFIEC BSA/AML Examination Manual, Introduction – Customers (December 1, 2021); the interagency joint statement on a risk-based approach to customer relationships (July 6, 2022; NCUA Letter 22-CU-08); the interagency statement on model risk management for BSA/AML systems (April 9, 2021); the FinCEN CDD rule, 31 CFR 1010.230; BSA record retention, 31 CFR 1010.430; SAR confidentiality, 31 CFR 1020.320(e) and 12 CFR 748.1. The credit union, members, businesses, people and identifiers named on this page are fictional: characters and sample data in the working solution.

Questions

What BSA teams ask about customer risk rating.

What is customer risk rating?

A customer risk rating is the customer risk profile a bank or credit union keeps for every customer, used to set how closely monitoring watches the relationship and when enhanced due diligence starts. Customer Risk Rating is a solution in which agents re-score a member the night a fact changes, explain each rating change in one sentence whose every clause cites its source and weight, hold type-only and open-activity changes, and route every upgrade and downgrade to a maker and a different checker.

How does the customer risk rating model work?

The Rating agent scores five families of facts (member profile, products and services, geography, channel and activity) under the institution's approved methodology version, with tier cut-offs set there: in the working solution, Low 0–34, Moderate 35–59 and High 60 and over. Each rule's points are visible from the clause that used them, and the agent also writes the reverse sentence: what would have to change for the rating to move back.

Can a customer type be rated high risk automatically?

No. The FFIEC BSA/AML Examination Manual and the 2022 interagency joint statement say no customer type automatically presents a higher risk. A Type-Bias Checker holds any proposed High that rests on member type alone and tests the whole book every night; in the working solution, 7,140 High ratings were tested and none rested on type alone.

How often are customer risk ratings updated?

On change, every night: the Fact Watcher links each changed fact in the core, monitoring, account opening, screening and case systems to a member, and the member is re-scored. The whole book is also re-scored on a schedule the administrator sets, quarterly in the working solution.

Who approves a change to the customer risk rating methodology?

A senior analyst drafts it, the Methodology Steward back-tests it on every member and shows the tier migration, Model Risk validates it with a memo, and the BSA Officer approves it. Nothing scores under a version that has not been approved, and each step names the person who took it.

Does it lower a rating while an alert is open?

No. The Hold Checker cross-checks every change against open alerts, cases, 314(a) matches, pending EDD and facts newer than the score, and holds a downgrade during open activity with the evidence. Only a person decides a held change, and only the BSA Officer can override a hold.

Do people stay in control of each rating?

Yes. The agents propose, explain, cite, check and draft; they never apply a rating, release a hold, contact a member or show a SAR outside the BSA Unit. A BSA analyst approves, overrides or rejects with a reason code, and a different person signs second before the rating is written to the core.

How long does it take to go live?

The Agentic Solution Engine builds and deploys it from your requirements and documents: your risk rating methodology, your reason codes, your high-risk lists and a sample of your members' facts. It goes live once every quality gate has passed. We will walk you through it on your own members first.

See it on
your members' ratings.

We'll run Customer Risk Rating on a sample of your own members' facts and your current methodology.