WorkflowLegal Operations & Litigation

Public Records Request Management

Public records request software where the agents propose, a second agent argues for release, and the records officer approves every release

Every withheld line cites its law, and every release goes out before the clock runs.

See one case, screen by screen ↓
demo342pagesfound across 5 sources in 4 departments for one request, every source put on hold first
demo9stamps liftedof 35 proposed withholdings, because the names were already public in the council minutes
target100%of withholdings cite statute, reason and foreseeable harm before release
target≤ 15daysmedian response, against a 20-business-day limit
In short

What is Public Records Request Management?

Public records request software that takes FOIA and state open records requests from intake to release, with each withholding cited by law. Seven agents classify the request and count its clock, draft narrowings, hold and search every department, propose each withholding with its statute, reason and harm, argue against every withholding and draft the letter. The records officer approves every message and every release.

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Updated

The problem

Why a records request runs up against its clock

Every records request starts a legal clock. Before anything goes out, the records unit has to count business days and holidays, narrow a request that is too broad, find every responsive record across departments, decide line by line what to withhold, cite the exemption for each withholding, work out the fee and write a letter that can survive an appeal. In most offices that means a portal that tracks the request, emails to department liaisons, a shared drive and a PDF redaction tool.

The risk sits in the withholdings. A black box with “(b)(6)” typed beside it is a label, not a reason: the foreseeable-harm statement is missing, a name already read into the public record gets redacted again, a box covers more than the private detail. Over-redaction is found on appeal, and a missed deadline costs the right to charge search fees. Meanwhile retention schedules keep deleting records while the request is open.

typical1.7millionFOIA requests received by federal agencies in FY 2025, a record
typical59%rise in federal FOIA administrative appeals in FY 2025, to 32,059
Where a request's business days goestimated
By hand20 days
With the solution10 days
  • Logging, classifying and counting the clock1 → 0.1 d
  • Narrowing a vague request with the requester3 → 2 d
  • Searching departments by email and chasing liaisons6 → 3 d
  • Line-by-line review and redaction6 → 3 d
  • Second look at withholdings and counsel clearance2 → 1.5 d
  • Letter, exemption index and fee statement2 → 0.4 d

Estimated split for a mid-size request of a few hundred pages, by hand and with the solution.

How it works

How a request moves

Seven agents classify, narrow, search, stamp, challenge and draft; the records officer approves every release.

What comes in
Requests in4 channels · portal, email, counter, phone
Agents at work
Intake agentinstrument + clock
Clarification agentnarrowing draft
Then
Search agenthold first, then search
Then
Review agentstatute + harm
Challenge agentargues for release
Then
Letter agentletter + exemption index
A person decides
Records officerapproves every release
What comes out
Released, each withholding cited
Before the clock runs
Posted if asked for 3 times
One case, step by step

One request, from the portal to a signed release

On Thursday 17 September, Jordan Pike, a reporter at The Brannock Falls Ledger, asks the City of Brannock Falls for its 2025 police overtime records. Seven agents do the legwork in plain sight: each shows what it read and proposes the next step, and Dana Whitfield, the records officer, approves, edits, sends back or asks why. Here is how it runs, screen by screen, in the working solution.

  1. 01Wed 14 Oct, 09:40

    Every open request, with its clock

    Dana Whitfield · Records Officer

    Dana's queue shows 28 open requests across 19 departments: 6 due in 2 business days, 1 past due, 4 ready to release and 93.6% answered on time this year. Each row carries its clock bar. “Needs you today” puts R-2026-1187, the police overtime request, at 2 days left: release ready, approve today.

    Agents at work: “Challenge agent — R-2026-1187: lifted 9 stamps on names already public.”

  2. 02Overnight

    A subpoena is not a records request

    Intake agent

    The intake agent read the 3 items that came in overnight and names what each one is before anyone answers it. An email from Marlowe & Finch LLP is a subpoena duces tecum in Case No. CV-26-04418, where the City is a party. The agent proposes routing it to the City Attorney's litigation team, where Helen Osei is the attorney on the case, instead of the records queue.

    “Its date is set by the subpoena, not the Open Records Code. Answering it as a records request would apply the wrong rules.”

  3. 03Thu 17 Sep, 16:52

    The request in the requester's words, and its clock

    Intake agent

    Jordan Pike asks for the overtime paid to police officers in 2025, the 50 highest earners with their hours and pay, and command staff emails about the overtime budget. A minute later the intake agent has classified it under the Open Records Code: news media, 3 items, due Fri 16 Oct. Mon 12 Oct, a city holiday, is counted out. The fee is $0.00.

    As the letter will say: “We received your request on September 17, 2026, and are responding on or before October 16, 2026, within the 20 business days the Open Records Code allows.”

  4. 04Day 1 · Fri 18 Sep

    A narrowing drafted, approved, then sent

    Clarification agent

    “Any emails among command staff” could mean thousands of messages. The clarification agent drafts a narrowing to six custodians — the Chief of Police, two Deputy Chiefs and three Patrol Captains — for 2025, with the terms “overtime”, “OT budget” and “callback”: about 88 pages instead of about 6,400. Dana approves it at 09:14 and Jordan Pike agrees on Tue 22 Sep. It is recorded as narrowing attempt 1 of 3.

    “Agents draft; nothing is sent without a person's approval.”

  5. 05Hold first, then search

    1,206 hits, 342 pages, and what it did not find

    Search agent

    At 09:20 on day 1 the search agent puts hold H-2026-0412 on 5 sources in 4 departments, suspending retention deletion. Once Dana approves the six-step plan, it searches the payroll overtime register, police shift and callback rosters, the six custodians' email, budget memos and the overtime policy: 1,206 hits, 188 unique documents, 342 pages. Liaisons such as Sgt. Luis Ortega confirm each source is complete.

    Gaps, said plainly: “No text messages. City phones keep messages for 30 days; none from 2025 survive for the 6 custodians.”

  6. 06Mon 5 Oct

    35 proposed withholdings, each with its law and its harm

    Review agent

    The review agent proposes 35 withholdings: 31 under (b)(6) personal privacy — officer names in memos and email, home addresses, personal phone numbers, medical or family-leave reasons, family members' names — and 4 under (b)(7)(C), the names and assignments of two officers on the narcotics task force. Each shows the statute, the reason, the foreseeable harm, a confidence and the sources it read. Nothing is applied until a person accepts it.

    The review agent never applies a stamp, and never withholds a page in full when part of it can be released.

  7. 07Tue 13 Oct, 14:22

    A second agent argues for release

    Challenge agent

    The challenge agent tests all 35: is the harm stated, is it already public, is the box wider than the private detail? It lifts 9 officer names read into the council minutes of the 10 Mar 2026 budget hearing, narrows 2 boxes that covered releasable callback hours, sends 3 back because they said only “privacy”, and upholds 21. Dana asks why the 9 were lifted, and gets the answer with its source.

    The challenge agent never removes a stamp itself: Marcus Bell, records analyst, confirmed each lift.

  8. 08Tue 13 Oct, 16:40

    The letter and its index come from the stamps

    Letter agent

    Helen Osei clears the 4 (b)(7)(C) withholdings at 16:05. The letter agent drafts the response from the 26 remaining stamps: 320 pages in full, 22 in part, none withheld in full, the gaps in the search, the fee and the right to appeal within 90 days. Its checks confirm every withholding in the index has a stamp and every stamp is in the index.

  9. 09Day 18 of 20

    She signs the release, two days early

    Dana Whitfield · Records Officer

    All 7 release gates are green: hold in place, plan approved, every stamp decided, challenge run, counsel cleared, letter drafted, fee set. Dana picks reason code REL-02, partial grant, confirms she has read the 26 withholdings, the challenge results and the letter, and signs. The 342 pages are Bates-numbered BFC-1187-0001 to BFC-1187-0342 and posted to Jordan Pike's portal account.

    “I have read the 26 withholdings, the challenge results and the letter. I approve this release as Records Officer.”

  10. 10After release

    Asked for three times, so post it once

    Release librarian

    The same overtime records were asked for in R-2026-0954 in March and R-2026-1102 in August. The release librarian proposes posting this release to the public library under City Code §2-610, with its 26 cited withholdings carried over. The posting waits for Dana's approval; nothing is published without it.

Who it’s for

Built for everyone who answers a records request.

The same request, seen by the five people who carry it — what their week looked like, and what it looks like now.

DW
Dana WhitfieldRecords Officer, Public Records Unit · approves every release
Records Officer
Before
Owns the open requests, signs every release and answers the press when a deadline slips. “I can't sign a release I can't explain line by line.”
Now
Opens a release with every withholding stamped with its law, reason and harm, the challenge already run and the gates green, and asks the agents why when she needs to.
MB
Marcus BellRecords Analyst · reviews the stamped pages
Records Analyst
Before
Draws boxes in a redaction tool and types the exemption beside each one, page after page.
Now
Accepts, rejects or edits each proposed stamp, with the challenge agent's verdict beside it, and adds the harm statement where one is missing.
HO
Helen OseiSenior Assistant City Attorney · clears law-enforcement withholdings and decides appeals
Agency counsel
Before
“If we withhold it, the reason must survive a judge reading it cold.”
Now
Clears (b)(7) withholdings from the stamp and its reasons, and decides each appeal with the weak withholdings already found by the challenge agent.
SL
Sgt. Luis OrtegaRecords Liaison, Police Department
Department records liaison
Before
“Ask me once, tell me exactly which drawer, and stop emailing me PDFs.”
Now
Gets one exact task per request for the police systems, confirms the source is complete and adds paper records, all on the record.
TK
Theresa KowalCity Clerk · sets the rules and files the annual report
City Clerk
Before
“Tell me how many we answered on time, and why the others weren't.”
Now
Approves the clocks, holidays, exemption library, fee schedule and roles as versioned settings, and signs off the annual report, with every figure counted from the requests themselves.
Built on the engine

7 agents. Each with one job, and hard limits.

Seven agents classify, narrow, search, stamp, challenge and draft; the records officer approves every release.

Intake agent

Reads each request from the portal, email or the front counter, names the instrument — a records request, or a subpoena or discovery request that goes to Legal — sets the fee category, splits the request into items, computes the clock from business days and holidays, and finds similar earlier requests.

  • Never rejects a request
  • Never sets a fee category it cannot justify from the request
Clarification agent

Finds vague or overbroad items and drafts a narrowing message with the page and fee estimate for each option, records each attempt, and shows the effect of tolling the clock before the records officer approves.

  • Never sends a message to a requester without approval
  • Never tolls a clock twice
Search agent

Puts the responsive sources on hold first, then plans and runs the search across departments, de-duplicates by content and email thread, sends liaisons tasks for systems it cannot read, and reports what it did not find.

  • Never searches before the hold is in place
  • Never claims a clean result without listing its gaps
Review agent

Proposes each withholding — the passage, exemption, statute, reason, foreseeable harm and confidence — and segregates the releasable text around it.

  • Proposes only; never applies a stamp
  • Never withholds a page in full when part can be released
Challenge agent

Argues for disclosure against every proposed withholding: is the harm stated, is it already public in the council minutes, the release library or the city website, is the box wider than the private detail, could more be segregated. It re-reviews appealed withholdings too.

  • Never removes a stamp itself; each lift needs a person to confirm
  • Cites a source for every lift
Letter agent

Drafts the response letter from the stamps: what is released, what is withheld and why, the exemption index with Bates ranges, the fee, the 90-day appeal right and the ombudsman notice.

  • Never sends a letter
  • Never states a withholding that has no stamp
Release librarian

After release, writes the disclosure record, finds records asked for three or more times and proposes posting them, and feeds the challenge agent with what is already public.

  • Never publishes without approval
Records officer

Approves every message and release; counsel clears law-enforcement withholdings. The agents propose; a named person decides.

Ask in plain words

Ask about any request, withholding or deadline

Ask in plain words, beside the work. The answer cites where it came from, and anything it drafts waits for your approval.

Why did the challenge lift 9 stamps on R-2026-1187?

The review agent had stamped 9 officer names in the budget memos and command staff email as (b)(6). The challenge agent found all 9 already public: the council minutes of the 10 Mar 2026 budget hearing, item 7, pp. 14–15, read the names and 2025 overtime earnings into the record. Information already in the public domain carries no foreseeable harm, so the stamps were lifted, and Marcus Bell confirmed each lift on 13 Oct.

Which requests are at risk of missing their deadline this week?

Three need attention: R-2026-1149 is already 1 business day past due, waiting on the body-camera system, which timed out at 09:05. R-2026-1176 (Millrace Park) is due today with review 62% done; an extension is proposed in Approvals, and it must be noticed today. R-2026-1187 is due Fri 16 Oct and is ready for your approval.

Draft the extension notice for R-2026-1176

Drafted. R-2026-1176 meets the unusual-circumstances test because it needs consultation with Procurement on the contract. The new due date would be Wed 28 Oct 2026. The notice tells the requester about the public records liaison and the state ombudsman. Nothing is sent until you approve it.

Is the police overtime release a rule-of-three record?

Yes. The same records were asked for in R-2026-0954 (March, budget memos), R-2026-1102 (August, Jan–Jun 2025) and now R-2026-1187 (the full year). City Code §2-610 says to post what is asked for three or more times. The release librarian has proposed posting it with the 26 cited withholdings; posting needs your approval after the release.

Every screen

The working solution, as it ships.

13 screens from the working solution, on its sample data. Pick one to see it large.

The releaseThe request in the requester's words, the clock worded as the letter will say it, every page grouped by source with its stamps, the challenge results and the release gates.
Ask why, beside the workAsk about any request, stamp or deadline in plain words; the answer names its source, here the council minutes behind 9 lifted stamps.
The request queueEvery open request with its clock bar, stage, requester category and owner, what needs the records officer today and what the agents are doing.
IntakeThe intake agent names what each item is before anyone answers it — here a subpoena, with a proposal to route it to the City Attorney instead of the records queue.
Requester messagesEvery exchange with the requester on the record: narrowings drafted by the agent and approved by a person, the clock, tolling and the narrowing attempts.
Hold, then searchThe search plan with the hold as step 1, liaison tasks by department, hits to unique documents to pages, and the gaps said plainly.
Page reviewThe stamped pages, the page itself and the agent's proposal — exemption, statute, reason, harm, confidence, sources — with the challenge verdict and the reviewer's decision.
The response letterThe letter drafted from the stamps, its checks against the index, and the release package: letter, Bates-numbered pages, exemption index and disclosure record.
Approve and signThe release decision with its reason code, a note for the record and the records officer's confirmation that she read the withholdings, the challenge and the letter.
Public release libraryReleased records posted for anyone to read, rule-of-three candidates proposed by the release librarian, and a disclosure record for each release.
AppealsAn appeal with the challenge agent's re-review of each original withholding, a recommendation, and counsel's decision.
Audit trailEvery action by people and agents in order, each entry chained to the one before it, with filters, a chain check and an evidence export.
Your exemptionsThe exemption library with each code, its citation, whether counsel must clear it and how often it was used this year; clocks, fees, thresholds and roles sit beside it.
Governance

Built for an appeal: cited, challenged, signed, on the record.

Every withholding cites its lawEach stamp carries its exemption, statute, reason, foreseeable harm and the sources the agent read. The letter, the exemption index and the disclosure record are drawn from the same stamps, so they cannot disagree.
Every withholding is challengedBefore release a second agent argues for disclosure against each withholding, and every lift cites where the information is already public. A person confirms each lift, narrowing and send-back.
People decide, agents proposeThe records officer approves every message to a requester beyond the automatic acknowledgement, and every release, with a reason code. Counsel clears (b)(5) and (b)(7) withholdings, any page withheld in full, and every appeal.
Seven gates before releaseHold in place, search plan approved, every stamp decided, challenge run, counsel cleared where needed, letter drafted and fee set. Approve stays disabled until all seven are green.
Hold first, gaps statedResponsive sources are put on hold before any search, and retention deletion is suspended until the request closes. The search result lists what it did not find, and the letter says so.
A tamper-evident trailEvery action by people and agents is logged in order, each entry chained to the one before it, with a check that verifies the chain. The request, plan, stamps, challenge, letter and approvals export together.
Configuration

Your records law, not ours

The law, clocks, exemptions, fees and thresholds are settings. Changes are versioned and logged, and the City Clerk approves them.

SettingDefaultChoose from
The law you answer underCity of Brannock Falls Open Records Code (adopts 5 U.S.C. §552(b))Federal FOIA · California Public Records Act · New York FOIL · Texas Public Information Act
Response time20 business daysBusiness days, with the city's holidays counted out; add a holiday and every open due date is recomputed
Extension, unusual circumstances10 business days, once, with ombudsman noticeSet in business days
TollingOnce, for a clarificationThe clock can be tolled at most once
Challenge agent sends a stamp to a person below confidence0.80Set as a confidence score; stamps below it go to a person
Notify the owner / escalate to the City Clerk3 / 1 business days leftSet in business days left
Propose a narrowing when a request is estimated over1,000 pagesSet in pages
Counsel must clear(b)(5), (b)(7)(A)–(F), and any page withheld in fullSet per exemption in the exemption library
Connections

Works with the systems your records already live in

Records portalrequests in, messages and releases out
Payroll and timekeepingpay registers, rosters and callback records, read only
Email archivecustodian search and holds
Document librariesdepartment folders, policies and holds
Council minutes and past releaseswhat is already public, read by the challenge agent
Body-camera systemfootage export and holds
What it changes

The difference, in numbers.

Every figure is labelled: a target the solution is built to, an estimate, a typical published result, or a proven one.

target
100%
of withholdings cite statute, reason and foreseeable harm
26 of 26 cited
in the police overtime release
typical
59%
rise in federal FOIA appeals in FY 2025: every withholding is now challenged before release
Appeals FY 202420,115
Appeals FY 202532,059
target
≤ 15days
median response, against a 20-business-day limit
Released by day 15
20 business days allowed

“demo” = seen in the working solution, on its sample data · “target” = the design goal, measured in the live solution · “estimated” = our estimate · “typical” = published figures (DOJ Office of Information Policy, Summary of FY 2025 Annual FOIA Reports, July 2026 — 1,707,197 requests received; 32,059 administrative appeals, up 59%). Context: 5 U.S.C. §552(a)(8) on foreseeable harm and segregation; §552(a)(4)(A)(viii) on fees after a missed time limit. The City of Brannock Falls, its Open Records Code, The Brannock Falls Ledger and the people named on this page are fictional — characters and sample data in the working solution.

Questions

What records officers and counsel ask us.

What is Public Records Request Management?

Public records request software that takes FOIA and state open records requests from intake to release, with each withholding cited by law. Seven agents classify the request and count its clock, draft narrowings, hold and search every department, propose each withholding with its statute, reason and harm, argue against every withholding and draft the letter. The records officer approves every message and every release.

How does it keep a request inside its legal clock?

The intake agent computes the due date in business days with the city's holidays counted out, and every request shows its clock bar in the queue. The owner is notified at 3 business days left and the City Clerk at 1. An extension for unusual circumstances is drafted with the notice it needs, and tolling for a clarification is allowed only once.

How does it stop over-redaction before an appeal?

A challenge agent argues for disclosure against every proposed withholding before release. It checks whether the harm is stated, whether the information is already public in council minutes, past releases or the city website, and whether the box is wider than the private detail. In the sample request it lifted 9 of 35, narrowed 2 and sent 3 back for a harm statement; a person confirmed each one.

Does every withholding cite the exemption and the foreseeable harm?

Yes. Each stamp carries its exemption, statute, reason, foreseeable harm and sources, and the response letter's exemption index is drawn from the stamps, with Bates ranges. The letter's checks confirm that every withholding in the index has a stamp and every stamp is in the index.

Does it work under our state's open records law, not just FOIA?

Yes. The law you answer under is a setting that brings its clocks, exemptions and letter wording: federal FOIA, the California Public Records Act, New York's FOIL and the Texas Public Information Act are available alongside a city code that adopts the federal exemptions. Each exemption, clock and fee rule can be edited, versioned and approved by the City Clerk.

What if a request is really a subpoena?

The intake agent names the instrument first. In the sample, a subpoena duces tecum in a case where the City is a party is recognised as compulsory process, not a records request, and the agent proposes routing it to the City Attorney's office instead of the records queue.

Do people stay in control of what is released?

Yes. Agents propose. Apart from the automatic acknowledgement of receipt, they never send anything to a requester, and they never publish to the portal or library, apply or remove a stamp, toll a clock twice or close a request. The records officer approves every message and every release with a reason code, counsel clears law-enforcement withholdings, withholdings in full and appeals, and release stays locked until all seven gates are green.

How long does it take to go live?

The Agentic Solution Engine builds and deploys it from your requirements and documents — your records law, exemptions, fee schedule, holidays, letter templates and a sample of past requests — and it goes live once every quality gate has passed. We will walk you through it on your own requests first.

See it on
your requests.

We'll run Public Records Request Management on a sample of your own past requests, under your own records law.