SystemDeposit Operations & Account Servicing

Dormant Account & Escheatment Management

Escheatment management that dates every dormant account from the owner's last real contact, with a named person signing every letter run, reactivation and state file

Every dormant account dated from real owner contact, and every letter inside its window.

See one case, screen by screen ↓
demo6,214accountswhose core date is not owner contact, found by comparing 2,914,600 converted accounts with the archived core
demo1,313lettersin one Pennsylvania due-diligence run, $3,184,906.40, approved in one decision on the first day of the window
demo$9.3millionstayed with 4,412 owners who answered in 2026, at the sample bank
target1dayto tie a state file to the general ledger, not weeks
In short

What is Dormant Account & Escheatment Management?

It is escheatment management for banks: deposit operations track dormancy by state, send due-diligence letters and file unclaimed property. Six agents date every dormant account from the owner's last real contact across today's core and the archived one, apply each state's rules, draft the letters inside each state's window and tie every state file to the general ledger. The Unclaimed Property Manager approves each step and the Deposit Operations Controller signs every remittance.

AI use cases in banking: a buyer's guide to agentic AI for bank and credit union operations →

Updated

The problem

Why escheatment management runs on the wrong date

Escheatment management rests on one field: the date of the owner's last activity. Every dormancy clock, every due-diligence letter and every state report is counted from it. But the core's last-activity date is not the owner's last contact. A core conversion stamps its load date on every account, a system release that adds a field touches the contact date, and interest postings and statements that come back in the mail look like activity. An account dated by the core is reported years late, or never, and the state's auditors find it later and assess it with interest.

Each state runs its own clock: its dormancy period, its letter window, its threshold, its report format and due date. Pennsylvania wants the letter mailed no more than 120 and no less than 60 days before the April 15 filing; New York wants a first-class letter at least 90 days before its report and a certified one at least 60 days before when the property is over $1,000. Today the work is a once-a-year scramble across a core extract for one report year, spreadsheets, a print vendor and a hand tie-out to the ledger, and the owners who would have answered a letter in time are not asked.

typical55jurisdictionswith their own unclaimed property law, dormancy periods, letter rules and report dates
typical60–120daysbefore filing: Pennsylvania's window for a due-diligence letter on property of $50 or more
typical12% a yearinterest Pennsylvania may charge on property reported late
Where one state report cycle's business days goestimated
By hand35 days
With the solution4.3 days
  • Pulling the dormancy extract and dating each account5 → 0.5 d
  • Proving owner contact in today's core and the archived one8 → 1 d
  • Assigning the state and applying its rules3 → 0.3 d
  • Building and checking the due-diligence letter run4 → 0.5 d
  • Working owners' answers and reactivations5 → 1 d
  • Building the state file and tying it to the ledger10 → 1 d

Estimated split for one state's report cycle at a regional bank, from the core extract to a signed remittance, by hand and with the agents. Our estimate, kept modest.

How it works

How one account moves

Six agents read both cores, date every account from real owner contact and run each state's letters and files; a manager approves and a controller signs.

What comes in
Records in6 systems · today's core and the archived one
Agents at work
Contact agentowner contact, event by event
Then
Jurisdiction agentstate + its rules
Then
Outreach agentletters inside the window
Reactivation agentowners who answer
Then
Report Checkerfile tied to the ledger
Evidence agentproof for auditors
A person decides
Unclaimed Property Manager approvesdates, letter runs, files; the controller signs remittances
What comes out
Letters on time
State file + remittance
Audit pack
One case, step by step

One dormant account, from a system stamp to the state report

Monday, December 14, 2026, in Unclaimed Property at Corvane National Bank, a regional bank that reports to 52 jurisdictions. The core says checking ending 2290 is active. Here is what happens next, screen by screen, in the working solution.

  1. 01Monday morning

    The day in one sentence, and the work that needs her

    Alicia Moreno-Hayes · Unclaimed Property Manager

    Overnight the agents read 186,240 quiet accounts: 412 crossed a dormancy date and 17 owners answered. Five pieces of work wait, each with its deadline: approve the Pennsylvania run of 1,313 letters, confirm checking 2290, approve 15 reactivations, a $1,212.40 New Jersey ledger break, and 2 owner-contact calls the agents were unsure of.

    “Pennsylvania letter run PA-2027-01 is waiting for your approval · the window opens December 16.”

  2. 02The conversion

    What a core conversion reset, measured

    Contact agent and Evidence agent

    On June 14, 2021 the core conversion set the last-activity date to the load date on 2,914,600 accounts. The agents compared every converted account with the archived core and found 6,214 whose core date is not owner contact: 2,370 reportable now and late ($7,284,517.06), 1,980 crossing a dormancy date in 2027 and 1,864 with owner contact since. A note to each state about late property is drafted for deposit counsel.

    North Carolina's guide, cited in the source record: “A computer system conversion causes the dates used to age dormant accounts to reset incorrectly.”

  3. 03The desk

    Accounts crossing a dormancy date, each with its life in miniature

    Tobias Brandt · Unclaimed Property Analyst

    Every account shows its dot strip, its state, the last owner contact the agents found and what the core says. Accounts recovered from the archived core carry a tag and a late-since date. An account held by Financial Crimes shows only that it is held, and OFAC-blocked property is reported to OFAC instead of a state.

    “The core says active. I need to know if the owner did anything.”

  4. 04Checking ending 2290

    An account's whole life on one line of dots

    Contact agent

    Walter E. Kosinski opened the account in 2014 at the Clarks Summit branch; the balance is $4,826.17. The core dates it September 21, 2024, a stamp from core release 24.3, which touched the contact date on 1,118,420 accounts. On the line, 10 filled dots are owner contact and 158 hollow dots are not, 151 of them interest postings. The core's dashed clock would report the account on April 15, 2028.

    Confidence 0.97. Below 0.90, the Contact agent hands the account to the analyst.

  5. 05One click on a dot

    The last owner contact, with its source

    Contact agent

    The last thing the owner did was a $300.00 cash withdrawal at the Clarks Summit branch on March 4, 2019 at 11:42 AM, teller 07, in the archived core's transaction log. Document imaging holds the signed slip, and the signature matches the 2014 signature card. Everything after it is cited as not owner contact: interest postings, statements returned from October 7, 2019, the address marked undeliverable, both system stamps.

    Returned mail, interest postings and conversion or release stamps never count as owner contact.

  6. 06Pennsylvania's rule

    Already reportable, and a letter inside the window

    Jurisdiction agent and Outreach agent

    By last known address the account is Pennsylvania's: three years, so it was presumed abandoned on March 4, 2022 and has missed four reports. It goes into the April 15, 2027 report as late property. The Outreach agent drafts letter PA-DD-v7 to the last known address and to a newer one the address search found, plus a call, because the balance is over $1,000 and the mail came back. The letter mails December 16; the window closes February 14; the owner may answer until March 31.

    Pennsylvania, in plain words: letters go out “no more than 120 and no less than 60 days” before filing.

  7. 0710:40 AM

    The manager signs the dormancy date

    Alicia Moreno-Hayes · Unclaimed Property Manager

    Alicia confirms the date with reason code UP-02, dated from the last owner contact with stamps and returned mail excluded, and the account joins Pennsylvania run PA-2027-01. Tobias Brandt prepared the call, so he could not confirm it.

    The preparer never approves: dormancy calls, letter runs, reactivations and state files.

  8. 0810:41 AM

    1,313 letters approved in one decision

    Alicia Moreno-Hayes · Unclaimed Property Manager

    Before she approves, the Outreach agent shows its eight checks on the run, all passing: every letter $50 or more, amounts match the core, every letter inside the window, an address search on the 23 returned-mail accounts, joint and business owners named, the IRA template, no restriction named, every date confirmed. Alongside the 1,313 letters go 612 emails, 204 online banking messages and 41 calls. She approves with UP-05 for the December 16 print run.

    Six accounts held by Financial Crimes are left out of the run, with no reason shown.

  9. 09Owners answer

    The report stops, and a second person reactivates

    Reactivation agent

    For each of the 17 owners who answered overnight, the Reactivation agent stopped the report and prepared the reactivation, with its proof: a signed reply card, a login, a branch visit with ID, a verified call. Alicia approves 15 together with UP-06, and $74,635.37 stays with its owners. An unsigned reply card goes to a person, and a call from a daughter without power of attorney is marked not owner contact.

    The Reactivation agent never reactivates an account; a person approves every one.

  10. 10Before anything leaves

    A state file tied to the ledger to the cent

    Report Checker · then Graham Whitlock, Deposit Operations Controller

    The New Jersey supplemental report for accounts recovered from the archived core was $1,212.40 off escheat suspense account 2185-400. The Report Checker traced it to checking ending 6044, reactivated on December 10 after both owners visited the Cherry Hill branch. Without it the file has 148 owner records and ties at $401,701.22. The manager approves the file with UP-07, and only then does the controller sign the remittance.

    “The file and the ledger agree to the cent, or nothing leaves.”

Who it’s for

Built for everyone who signs an unclaimed property cycle.

The same dormant account, seen by the five people who carry it from the date to the remittance and the audit: what their year looked like, and what it looks like now.

AM
Alicia Moreno-HayesUnclaimed Property Manager · approves dates, letter runs, reactivations and state files
Unclaimed Property Manager
Before
Signs letter runs and state files built from a core extract and spreadsheets, and has to trust the dates in them.
Now
Signs each dormancy date with the evidence beside it, and approves a run of 1,313 letters after the agents' checks are shown.
TB
Tobias BrandtUnclaimed Property Analyst · prepares dormancy calls, letter runs and state files
Unclaimed Property Analyst
Before
Pulls one report year from the core and digs through five systems when an account's date looks wrong.
Now
Starts from accounts already dated from owner contact, and works only the ones the agents could not decide.
GW
Graham WhitlockDeposit Operations Controller · signs every remittance
Deposit Operations Controller
Before
Ties each state file to the escheat suspense account by hand before the money is wired.
Now
Sees the file tied to the ledger to the cent, with every break explained, before he signs the remittance.
NF
Nadia FaroukCompliance Testing Analyst · tests the agents' calls every quarter
Compliance Testing Analyst
Before
Samples dormancy dates that come with no source behind them.
Now
Samples 60 calls with their sources, records the one exception with its cause and fix, and sees a new agent version replayed before it goes live.
RO
Ruth OkonkwoInternal auditor · reads everything, changes nothing
Internal auditor
Before
Gathers five years of owner-contact evidence, letters and filings by hand when a state's auditors ask.
Now
Exports a pack for a state audit or an examiner, with taxpayer IDs masked and every approval and reason code in it.
Built on the engine

6 agents. Each with one job, and hard limits.

Six agents read both cores, date every account from real owner contact and run each state's letters and files; a manager approves and a controller signs.

Contact agent

Reads every event on an account in today's core and in the archived pre-conversion core, marks each one as owner contact or not under the rule of the owner's state, cites the source record of each, and dates dormancy from the last owner contact.

  • Never treats a conversion or release stamp, an interest posting, returned mail or a letter the bank sent as owner contact
  • Below 0.90 confidence, a person decides
Jurisdiction agent

Assigns the state by the owner's last known address, or the bank's home state when the address is foreign or missing, and applies that state's dormancy period, cut-off, letter window, threshold, file format and report date.

  • Never uses a rule table version deposit counsel has not approved
  • Cites the rule table row it used
Outreach agent

Drafts due-diligence letters from approved templates, schedules them inside each state's window, runs an address search when mail comes back, and adds email, an online banking message or a call where the owner consented and policy allows.

  • Never sends
  • Never mails outside a window
  • Never names a restriction
Reactivation agent

Reads owners' answers (reply cards, logins, branch visits, verified calls), confirms each came from the owner, stops the report, prepares the reactivation and takes the account out of any draft file.

  • Never reactivates an account by itself
  • Never counts a call from someone other than the owner
Report Checker

Builds each state's file in the standard electronic format, validates it and tests the portal, ties it to the escheat suspense account to the cent and explains every difference with its source.

  • Never files or remits
Evidence agent

Keeps the proof of owner contact behind every dormancy date, drafts notes to states about late property for deposit counsel, pulls compliance test samples and builds export packs.

  • Never edits a record
  • Never unmasks a taxpayer ID without a logged reason
Unclaimed Property Manager

Approves; the controller signs remittances. The agents propose; a named person decides.

Ask in plain words

Ask about any account, state, letter run or report

Ask in plain words. Every answer cites the record it rests on and opens the screen it talks about.

Why is checking ••2290 reportable when the core says it is active?

The core's date, September 21, 2024, is a system stamp: core release 24.3 touched the contact date on 1,118,420 accounts, and before that the June 2021 conversion stamped its load date. In the archived core, the last thing Walter E. Kosinski did was a $300.00 branch withdrawal on March 4, 2019; everything after it is interest postings and returned mail. Pennsylvania's three years ran out on March 4, 2022, so it goes in the April 15, 2027 report, with a letter on December 16.

Can every Pennsylvania letter still go out inside the window?

Yes. Pennsylvania counts a letter mailed no more than 120 and no less than 60 days before the April 15 filing: December 16 to February 14. Run PA-2027-01 mails on December 16, the first day. 1,312 of its 1,313 dormancy dates are confirmed; checking ••2290 waits for you. Held letters can join a later run until February 14.

Why does the New Jersey supplemental file not tie to the ledger?

It is off by exactly $1,212.40: checking ••6044. Its owners came to the Cherry Hill branch on December 10 and the account was reactivated at 3:22 PM; the ledger moved the money back, but the file was built on December 9. Take it out and the file ties at $401,701.22, 148 records.

Show the accounts the conversion hid in New York

412 New York accounts recovered from the archived core are reportable now, 368 cross a date in 2027 and 301 had owner contact since. New York wants a first-class letter at least 90 days before the March 10 report and a certified one at least 60 days before when over $1,000; the 2,140 first-class letters went on December 4.

Every screen

The working solution, as it ships.

13 screens from the working solution, on its sample data. Pick one to see it large.

One account's life, dot by dotA dormant account timeline: the core says active from a September 2024 system stamp; the agents found the owner's last real contact, a branch withdrawal on March 4, 2019, and the state's clock that runs from it.
What needs the manager todayThe Unclaimed Property Manager's day in one sentence, four numbers, and the five pieces of work that need her, each with its deadline.
What a core conversion resetEvery converted account compared with the archived core: 2,914,600 accounts, 6,214 whose core date is not owner contact, by state and by band.
Accounts crossing a dormancy dateDormant account management without a grid: each account with its dot strip, state, last owner contact and what the core says.
The source behind the dateClick any dot to see its record: the March 4, 2019 withdrawal in the archived core, with the signed slip.
The due-diligence letter, inside its windowAn unclaimed property due-diligence letter and Pennsylvania's mailing window: no more than 120 and no less than 60 days before the April 15 filing.
The manager signs the dateThe dormancy date confirmed with reason code UP-02 by the manager; the analyst who prepared it could not.
1,313 letters approved in one decisionA Pennsylvania letter run with eight agent checks passing, approved with reason code UP-05 for the first day of the window.
Owners who answeredEach answer stops the report; 15 reactivations approved by a second person, and a call that was not from the owner caught.
A state file tied to the ledgerUnclaimed property reporting in four steps: the file, the tie-out to escheat suspense to the cent, the manager's approval and the controller's signature.
52 jurisdictions on their own clocksUnclaimed property reporting deadlines by state, the dormancy period by state, letter windows and thresholds from the approved rule table, with a pending change.
Compliance testing of the agentsA quarterly sample of the agents' calls: 60 sampled, 59 agree, one exception with its cause and fix, and a new version replayed before it goes live.
Audit trail and export packEvery person's and agent's action with who, what, when, why and the evidence, exported for a state audit or an examiner with taxpayer IDs masked.
Governance

Escheatment management built for state audits: cited, signed, on the record.

Every date cites its sourceEvery dot, dormancy date, rule and agent statement links to its source: the core transaction, the archived core record, the imaged slip or reply card, the returned mail, the state's rule in plain words.
Maker, checker and signer are three peopleThe analyst prepares; the Unclaimed Property Manager confirms dormancy dates and approves letter runs, reactivations and state files; the Deposit Operations Controller signs every remittance. The preparer never approves, and the manager never signs a remittance.
System stamps never reset a clockConversion and release stamps, interest postings, service charges, automatic drafts, returned mail and letters the bank sent are never owner contact. That rule is fixed by policy, and an override needs reason code UP-09 and a note.
Holds stay confidentialAn account held by Financial Crimes shows only as “held”: never in a letter, a call script or a customer view, and the reason stays with Financial Crimes. OFAC-blocked property is reported to OFAC, not escheated, while it is blocked.
Customer data masked and kept by policyScreens and exports show the last four digits of an account. Taxpayer IDs are masked unless a state file or audit requires them, and every full view is logged with a reason. Records are kept ten years after each report, BSA records five years.
Agents versioned, tested and replayedEvery agent runs a pinned version with a confidence threshold and hands off below it. A new version is replayed on last quarter's calls, the compliance tester records the result and the manager approves it. Rule table changes need the manager and deposit counsel.
Configuration

Your unclaimed property policy, as settings

Each change is saved as a new version and waits for the manager's approval. What policy fixes is locked, and says why.

SettingDefaultChoose from
State rule tableVersion 2026.4 · 52 jurisdictionsA change needs the Unclaimed Property Manager and deposit counsel
Holder's state for foreign and missing addressesOhioSet by the administrator; the manager approves each change
Online banking loginsOwner contact in 49 of 52 jurisdictionsBy state, as the rule table says
CallsOnly a verified owner, or an agent with authority on fileFixed by policy
Call owners when the balance is over$10,000Step up or down by $1,000, from $1,000
Email, online banking message, address search on returned mailOnOn · Off, each
Keep records10 years after each reportStep up by a year, from 10; BSA records five years
Hand to a person belowContact agent 0.90 · Jurisdiction agent 0.95Set per agent by the administrator; reason codes UP-01 to UP-09 on every decision
Connections

Works with the systems an unclaimed property program already runs on

Core banking systemtransactions, balances, account status and address history
Archived core banking recordsthe read-only copy kept from before a conversion
Document imagingsignature cards, withdrawal slips, checks and reply cards
Online banking and contact center logslogins, messages and call notes
General ledgerthe escheat suspense accounts each state file ties to
State rules and reporting portalsrule tables, the standard electronic file and the portal test
What it changes

The difference, in numbers.

Every figure is labelled: a target the solution is built to, an estimate, a typical published result, or a proven one.

target
0
accounts dated by a conversion or system stamp
typical
Every
due-diligence letter mailed inside its state's window
Inside the window
PA: 60 to 120 days before filing
target
1day
to tie a state file to the general ledger, not weeks
By handweeks
With agents1 day

“demo” = seen in the working solution, on its sample data · “target” = the design goal, measured in the live solution · “estimated” = our estimate · “typical” = published figures (55 unclaimed property reporting jurisdictions, National Association of Unclaimed Property Administrators; Pennsylvania's 60–120 day letter window and 12% a year interest on late reports, Disposition of Abandoned and Unclaimed Property Act, 72 P.S. § 1301.1 et seq.). Rules named on this page: New York Abandoned Property Law § 1422; North Carolina Department of State Treasurer guide for financial institutions (common errors after a conversion; positive owner contact); OFAC reporting of blocked property, 31 CFR 501.603; BSA recordkeeping, 31 CFR 1010.430. Corvane National Bank and the people, owners, accounts and records named on this page are fictional: characters and sample data in the working solution.

Questions

What deposit operations ask about escheatment management.

What is Dormant Account & Escheatment Management?

It is escheatment management for banks: deposit operations track dormancy by state, send due-diligence letters and file unclaimed property. Six agents date every dormant account from the owner's last real contact across today's core and the archived one, apply each state's rules, draft the letters inside each state's window and tie every state file to the general ledger. The Unclaimed Property Manager approves each step and the Deposit Operations Controller signs every remittance.

What is escheatment in banking?

When a deposit account has no owner contact for the period a state sets, the bank must try to reach the owner and, if there is no answer, report the balance to that state as unclaimed property and remit it. The state is chosen by the owner's last known address, and each state sets its own dormancy period, letter rules and report date.

How does it decide the owner's last contact?

The Contact agent reads every event on the account, in the core and in the archived pre-conversion core, and marks each one as owner contact or not under the owner's state's rule, citing its source. Withdrawals, checks the owner wrote, branch visits and verified calls count; interest postings, returned mail, letters the bank sent and conversion or release stamps never do. Below 0.90 confidence, a person decides.

What happens when a core conversion has reset dormancy dates?

The agents compare every converted account with the archived core. In the working solution, 6,214 of 2,914,600 converted accounts had a core date that was not owner contact; each is sorted into reportable now and late, crossing a date next year, or owner contact since, and a note to each state about late property is drafted for deposit counsel.

How does it meet due-diligence letter requirements by state?

The Jurisdiction agent applies the state's window and threshold from the rule table, and the Outreach agent schedules each letter inside it: in Pennsylvania, no more than 120 and no less than 60 days before the April 15 filing; in New York, a first-class letter at least 90 days before the report and a certified one at least 60 days before when the property is over $1,000. The manager approves each run after the agents' checks are shown.

What happens when an owner answers?

The Reactivation agent confirms the answer came from the owner, stops the report, takes the account out of any draft file and prepares the reactivation. A second person approves every reactivation; a call from a relative without authority is not owner contact.

Do people stay in control?

Yes. The agents read, date, draft and check; they never send a letter, reactivate an account, file, remit or change a rule table. The manager confirms dates and approves letter runs, reactivations and state files, the controller signs every remittance, and every override needs a reason code.

How long does it take to go live?

The Agentic Solution Engine builds and deploys it from your requirements and documents, such as your state rule tables, letter templates and a sample of dormant accounts from both cores, and it goes live once every quality gate has passed. We will walk you through it on your own accounts first.

See it on
your dormant accounts.

We'll run Dormant Account & Escheatment Management on a sample of your own dormant accounts, archived core records and state rules.