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CF-28 Response

A CF-28 response with each sentence tied to its page, read first as an import specialist would, then signed by counsel, the company official and the broker.

See the CF-28 response built screen by screen ↓
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The problem

The certificate in the attachments says China, and the reply says Vietnam

A company official certifies that the reply to CBP is true and correct, and the penalty statute reaches false statements made through negligence. Yet the reply is built by hand: purchase orders from the ERP, wires from treasury, packing lists from document management, and mill certificates the supplier sends back as PDFs with a paragraph of explanation.

A certificate that contradicts the supplier’s declaration goes out as an attachment because nobody read the two together, and a payment that does not tie to its invoice invites a follow-up. Entries CBP did not name, carrying the same heat, stay unexamined until the next request.

Built forTrade compliance managersCustoms counselDirectors of global tradeLicensed customs brokers

The Problem Today

CBP asks for proof behind an entry, and the reply is pieced together from four systems and a supplier’s inbox.

13,415
Form 28 responses a year, by CBP’s own paperwork estimate published
30 days
to reply from the date of the request, as the form says published

Assembled by hand today

  • Invoices
  • Mill certs
  • Emails
  • Wires
  • Exhibits contradict repliesNobody reads each sentence against each attachment
  • The clock runs on suppliersCertificates chased by email while the days run out

The Solution

  1. Suppliers answer in fieldsAgents ask for each heat’s certificate; only fields and files count
  2. The reply drafts itselfEach sentence footnoted to the page it rests on
  3. A challenger reads it firstRead as an import specialist would; a contradiction stops the draft
  4. Counsel first, then signCounsel signs the legal sentences and the disclosure call before filing

Built-in controls

  • Legal positions and disclosure stay with counsel
  • Supplier free text is read by a person
  • Nobody certifies a reply they prepared

What You Get

The importer files a reply that agrees with its own exhibits, and sees what is at stake before deciding.

  • Entries not named, found earlyThe same heat and foundry traced across past entries
  • Exposure before the decisionEach answer priced, with the assumptions editable
  • Rulings kept as rulesA past ruling shown at the moment of the next decision
Features

CF-28 response features, from the CBP request to the broker’s filing in ACE

The trade compliance manager, the analyst, counsel and the director use them to answer a request from the evidence. The screens follow one case on cast steel fittings.

demoThe importer, its supplier, the people, the entries and the figures on these screens are sample data.

  1. 01Request case

    CBP Form 28 requests grouped as one case on a business-day clock

    • One case for forms asking the same questions. CBP sends one form per entry; the manager answers the shared questions once, and the reply goes back with a copy of each form.
    • Checked items and officer message split into questions. Each question carries its own status, so the manager sees which ones still wait on the supplier.
    • Reply clock counted in business days. Weekends and federal holidays are taken out of the days left to the due date, so supplier chases are planned against the working days that remain.
  2. 02Reply draft

    CF-28 response drafted sentence by sentence, each footnoted to its page

    • Each reply sentence footnoted to its source. CBP can follow each claim to the document behind it, and the official who certifies can check the same trail.
    • Agents steered in the middle of a run. The manager or analyst can widen the search mid-run, for example to last year’s entries, and the added step is logged with name and time.
    • Draft stopped at a contradicted sentence. A sentence the evidence contradicts is struck and held for a person, so it cannot reach a signature.
  3. 03Challenger

    Draft read as a CBP import specialist would, before anyone signs

    • Points raised against the draft. Each point carries the follow-up question an import specialist would ask, so weak answers surface while the reply can still change.
    • Answered with a source or handed to a person. The drafter answers what documents can settle; contradictions, weak evidence and entries not named go to the manager or counsel.
    • Past rulings beside each point. The team’s own rulings on similar conflicts sit next to the point, so the same question gets the same answer from one request to the next.
  4. 04Evidence map

    Melt and pour country traced heat by heat to each mill certificate

    • Each entry line traced to its heat. Packing list, declared country, supplier field and certificate sit on one row, so the analyst stops reconciling four systems by eye.
    • Contradictions marked on the line. A line whose certificate names another country than the entry declared is flagged before anyone drafts an answer on it.
    • Unreadable heat numbers resolved from evidence. When a packing list cannot be read, the heat number comes from the supplier’s photo of the cast marking, never from a guess.
  5. 05Supplier request

    Supplier requests in fixed fields, checked against each heat’s certificate

    • Fixed fields asked for each heat. Foundry, country of melt and pour, pour date and an inspection certificate per heat, so answers arrive comparable instead of as paragraphs in email.
    • Reply fields compared with the certificates. A supplier field that disagrees with its own attached certificate is flagged, so a declaration alone cannot carry the answer.
    • Supplier free text routed to a person. Notes the supplier writes stay out of the agents’ reasoning; a person reads them, and counsel sees them in the supplier’s exact words.
  6. 06Exposure what-if

    Duty exposure what-if across the entries CBP did not name

    • Named and unnamed entries in one scope. Entries CBP did not name that share the supplier, heat or foundry are found and priced before anyone decides how to answer.
    • Assumptions labeled and editable. Origin outcome, duty rate and interest are inputs the analyst confirms, so counsel reads a rehearsal as a rehearsal.
    • Each way of answering priced as a path. Answering from the documents and asking for more time are compared on interest and deadline; an answer the documents contradict is not offered.
  7. 07Decision

    Certificate against declaration, decided by the trade compliance manager

    • Certificate and declaration side by side. The manager sees what the supplier declared against what the certificate shows, each source one click away.
    • Counsel’s earlier ruling at the moment of decision. How counsel ruled the last time a declaration met a contradicting certificate is shown before the manager chooses.
    • A reason on each decision. The manager answers from the documents, asks for time or holds the reply, and the record shows the reason code and why.
  8. 08Counsel review

    Prior disclosure decided by counsel before the CF-28 response is certified

    • Legal sentences routed to counsel. Any sentence telling CBP something was reported wrongly, or saying what the importer will do, is read, edited if needed and signed by counsel.
    • Disclosure decided before certification. Counsel records prior disclosure first, with the reply, or none; certification stays blocked until a second person confirms it.
    • Privileged notes kept out of the reply. Counsel’s notes are left out of citations and attachments, and the evidence binder lists them as excluded.
  9. 09Sign and file

    Four sign-offs on the CF-28 response, the last one the broker’s filing in ACE

    • Preparer, counsel, company official, broker. Each signature states what it means, and nobody certifies a reply they prepared or confirms a decision they made.
    • Full reply opened before certifying. The director cannot certify until the whole reply has been opened, so the Form 28 certification rests on a reading.
    • Attachments counted from the final reply. What goes to CBP lists the sentences, the attached documents and the guidance cited but not attached, with privileged notes excluded.

Four jobs inside one CBP request for information response

The manager owns the answer, the analyst the evidence, counsel the legal positions, the director the certification.

Trade compliance managers

Decide how each CBP question is answered and sign the reply as preparer

  • Open requests sorted by business days left
  • A contradiction stopped before it reaches a signature
  • Counsel’s past rulings at the moment of decision
Classification and origin analysts

Gather the evidence, send supplier requests and steer the agents

  • Certificates requested in fixed fields, heat by heat
  • Each entry line traced from heat to certificate
  • Unnamed entries found before anyone decides
Customs counsel

Sign the sentences that take a legal position and decide on prior disclosure

  • Only the legal sentences routed for signature
  • The supplier’s free text in its exact words
  • Privileged notes kept out of what goes to CBP
Directors of global trade

Certify the Form 28 as company official and confirm counsel’s decisions

  • The full reply opened before certifying
  • Second-person confirmation on each disclosure decision
  • Lessons approved before the agents apply them

A heat poured in China, an oversized wire, an unreadable heat, seven entries

Four things the challenger and the entry finder raised on the cast fittings case, each one a hand-built reply would have carried to CBP.

A heat poured in China and declared Vietnam

Its certificate names a foundry in Hebei, China. The declaration, the reply fields and both entry lines say VN, so the draft stopped at sentence 3.1.

A wire larger than its invoice

Entry SMP-4417736-4 paid $93,588.90 on a $71,842.50 invoice. The remittance advice applies $21,746.40 to a 30% deposit on release R-07, now sentence 5.3.

A heat number nobody could read

The packing list scan for 70 tees was illegible. The supplier’s photo of the cast marking shows 24-1226, cited in sentence 4.2.

Seven entries CBP did not name

The same heat or foundry turned up on 5 entries from the last 12 months and 2 older ones the steer added. Melt-and-pour country was misreported on the 5.

demoSample data, from the working solution.

More screens

The request queue, the supplier portal and the watch after filing

Before the reply, the manager triages the queue and the supplier answers in fields; after it, each entry is watched until liquidation or a CF-29.

Open requests from CBPTwenty-three open requests sorted by business days left, with stage, owner and an at-risk flag.
The supplier’s sideThe supplier answers each heat in fields and attaches certificates; the note is read by a person at the importer.
The certificate reader’s stepsEach agent’s work opens as steps in order: here every certificate read, the foundry and country it names, a confidence for each, and the hand-off to the drafter.
The reply as CBP reads itTwelve sentences with sources in brackets, opened by the director before certifying. Sentence 3.3 cites only the entry summaries.
Watch after filingFiled replies stay watched until the entries liquidate or a CF-29 arrives; an earlier proposed action already sits with counsel.
Lessons keptThis case’s lesson, L-12, waits for the director or counsel. The agents apply it only after a person who did not propose it approves.

demoSample data, from the working solution.

Eight agents read, draft and challenge, and none of them classifies or files

Each hands its work to the next one or to a named person.

Intake reader

Reads each request from ACE or email, splits checked items and the officer message into questions, and groups forms into a case.

  • Assigns no owner without a person
Evidence gatherer

Pulls purchase orders, invoices, wires, packing lists, certificates and entry summaries.

  • Writes to no system
Supplier evidence

Drafts structured supplier requests and reads replies through their fixed fields and files.

  • Sends no request without a person
  • Reads no free text into the case
Certificate reader

Reads mill and inspection certificates and traces each casting to its heat.

  • Never infers an unreadable heat number
Reply drafter

Writes the reply sentence by sentence, each footnoted, and answers the challenger’s points.

  • Writes no sentence without a source
  • Takes no legal position
Import specialist’s read

Reads the draft as a CBP import specialist would, lists follow-up questions and weak points, and stops on a contradiction.

  • Never calls a party dishonest
  • Lets no contradiction through
Entry finder

Finds entries CBP did not name that share the supplier, tariff number, heat or foundry.

  • Adds no entry to the reply
Exposure analyst

Works out the duty at stake under each answer with editable assumptions, and shows statutory figures for counsel.

  • Recommends no legal path

What trade compliance teams ask about a CF-28 response

What is a CF-28 response?

A CF-28 response is the importer’s reply to CBP Form 28, a request for information about an entry: where the steel was melted and poured, what was paid, what a part is made of. Here agents gather the evidence and draft the reply with each sentence footnoted, and people decide, certify and file it.

How do you respond to a CF-28?

Read each checked item and the officer’s questions, gather the documents each one needs, and ask the supplier for what you do not hold. Draft the answer from those documents only, have it challenged, let counsel sign any legal position, then the company official certifies and the broker files through ACE.

What is the difference between a CF-28 and a CF-29 notice of action?

A CF-28 asks the importer for information. A CF-29 notice of action tells the importer of a change in classification or value that will increase duties. After filing, each reply is watched for a notice of action or liquidation, and a proposed action goes to counsel.

Does the software decide origin or whether to make a prior disclosure?

No. The agents do not say whether castings are products of China, do not call a party dishonest and give no legal advice; asked, the assistant names who decides. Counsel decides disclosure with a second person, and certification waits for that.

Can we ask CBP for more time?

Yes. The form tells the importer to contact the CBP officer named on it when a reply cannot be made in time. Here the extension request asks for time on outstanding supplier documents and says nothing about the merchandise, and the due date stays put until CBP agrees.

Who files the reply in ACE?

The licensed customs broker, through the ACE document image system, after the company official certifies. The importer answers its own request; the agents neither classify goods nor file, and the broker changes nothing in the certified reply.

Try it on a Form 28
you already answered.

Bring one closed request and its exhibits, and we will rebuild the reply sentence by sentence against them.