WorkflowNetwork Planning & Revenue Management

Airport Slot Management

Airport slot management that keeps every series above the 80% line, with the evidence for every filing

Every slot series kept above the line, without flying an empty plane to keep it.

See one case, screen by screen ↓
demo206seriesmatched to yesterday's flights overnight and projected to the end of their period
demo77 → 81%for LaGuardia CV 2101 once two storm days are filed for relief, the 42 of 52 it needs
demo2flightsfound flown under recovery number CV 9318, taking DCA CV 3318 from 79% to 82%
target0serieswithdrawn for non-use, and no near-empty flight flown to keep one
In short

What is Airport Slot Management?

Airport Slot Management is airport slot management software for the airline slot desk. It covers airline slot management at FAA-slotted and coordinated airports: slot usage monitoring against the 80/20 rule, relief and justified non-use cases, slot messages to coordinators and next season's requests. Seven agents match every flight to its slot each night, build each case with every flight's cause cited, and count every filing twice; the slot manager decides and signs.

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Updated

The problem

Why airport slot management still runs on spreadsheets and luck

Airport slot management is use it or lose it. At LaGuardia, JFK and Reagan National an airline keeps a slot only if it uses it at least 80% of the time, and at a coordinated airport such as Heathrow a series keeps its historic precedence only at 80% of the season under the Worldwide Airport Slot Guidelines. A small slot desk tracks hundreds of series in spreadsheets, works out from the operations log why each flight did not operate, and writes the two-month usage reports, waiver requests and slot clearance requests to coordinators by hand.

So usage is seen after the period ends, when a series at 77% can no longer recover. Relief turns on the cause, and the cause is a free-text code in the operations log, often wrong. Recovery flights use the slot under another number and go uncounted. The fallback is a near-empty flight flown just to keep the slot. And the FAA's staffing-related relief at JFK, LGA and DCA ends in October 2027, and the FAA has said staffing shortfalls will not likely be a basis for further relief.

typical$10–75Mwhat a Heathrow slot pair has been valued at
typical2.5M+tonnesof CO2 from ghost flights in 2020–21
Where a slot desk's hours go in one two-month periodestimated
By hand58 days
With the solution8.5 days
  • Matching each day's flights to their slots16 → 1 d
  • Reading cancellation causes in the operations log10 → 2 d
  • Building relief cases with weather, ATC and NOTAM evidence12 → 2 d
  • Writing the LGA and DCA usage reports8 → 1 d
  • Coordinator messages and next season's requests8 → 2 d
  • Keeping every FAA and coordinator deadline4 → 0.5 d

Estimated split for a slot desk holding about 200 series across FAA-slotted and coordinated airports, by hand and with the solution.

How it works

How a slot is kept

Seven agents track every slot nightly, build relief cases with evidence and count every filing twice; the slot manager decides and signs.

What comes in
Flights and records in206 series · schedule, ops log, ACARS, weather, FAA and coordinator records
Agents at work
Usage trackerevery flight to its slot
Then
Relief finder
Filing drafter
Then
Filing checker
Season planner
Then
Swap & lease analyst
Deadline keeper
A person decides
Slot managerreviews, decides and signs
What comes out
Series kept above 80%
Filings on time
Relief with evidence
One case, step by step

One slot series, from 77% to relief filed by 08:41

Corvane Airways holds 206 slot series at LaGuardia, JFK, Reagan National and Heathrow. On Thursday, October 15, 2026, three are at risk of withdrawal. Here is how the slot manager works with the agents on the most urgent one, LGA 0715 · CV 2101 to Denver, screen by screen in the working solution.

  1. 0106:30

    The agents' morning briefing, and what needs her

    Nadia Brennan · Slot Manager

    Overnight the slot agents matched yesterday's flights to all 206 series. Three are at risk of withdrawal and four more are on watch under 85%. Six things need Nadia, CV 2101 first: it will end at 77% against an 80% line, but two storm cancellations can bring it back to 81%. Beside the list, the Usage tracker, Relief finder and Deadline keeper say what they did and answer her questions.

    Relief finder: “CV 2101: of 12 misses, only the 2 storm days qualify. The 3 staffing cancellations do not.”

  2. 02The board

    Every series as a ribbon against the 80/20 rule

    Usage tracker

    Each slot series is a ribbon of weeks: filled where it flew, hollow where it did not, outlined where it is still to come, with a dashed 80% line across it. At-risk series come first, each with an agent's note and its next step: relief for CV 2101, two flights found for DCA CV 3318, a justified non-use claim for LHR CV 107.

  3. 03Open the series

    Day by day, with the arithmetic shown

    Nadia Brennan · Slot Manager

    LGA 0715 departure, CV 2101 LGA–DEN, A321neo, Sunday to Friday, counted over the Sep–Oct period. Of 52 slot days, 26 flew and 12 did not, with 14 to come. It needs 42 (80% of 52 is 41.6), so even if every flight operates it ends at 40 of 52, 77%. Each unused day shows its cause code from the operations log, what the record says, and whether it qualifies for relief, with a confidence.

    What if: “81% · 42 of 52 with relief. Exactly on the line — not one more cancellation.”

  4. 04Why not Sep 11?

    A staffing cancellation does not qualify, and the agent cites why

    Relief finder

    Sep 11 was a ground delay program from New York approach staffing. The Relief finder marks it does not qualify and opens the source: FR Doc. 2026-12593, the FAA's staffing-related relief for Winter 2026/27 and Summer 2027, which covers staffing through advance slot returns. Asking for these days would weaken the request for the two storm days.

    The Relief finder never files, and explains every “does not qualify”.

  5. 05Step 1 · Evidence

    Two storm days, each with its evidence

    Relief finder

    The agent read the 12 unused days in the operations log, the ATCSCC advisories and the KLGA METARs, and tested each day against the FAA standard: beyond the carrier's control, five or more consecutive days. Oct 2 (LGA ground stop 06:40–10:15, arrival and departure rates cut to 18 an hour) and Oct 5 (ground stop 06:20–09:40, runway 4/22 standing water) fell in the Oct 1–5 coastal storm. Nadia accepts both.

  6. 06Step 2 · Draft

    The FAA slot waiver request, already written

    Filing drafter

    The Filing drafter writes the request to the FAA Slot Administration Office in the form it answers fastest: the slot LGA-CV-D0715, the two dates, the cause and evidence for each flight, and a plain statement of what Corvane is not asking for. Eighteen attachments go with it. Nadia can edit the text or ask for it shorter.

  7. 07Step 3 · Check

    A second agent counts it again, and asks one question

    Filing checker

    The Filing checker re-counts from the FAA's slot record and the operations log, without using the Relief finder's numbers: 52 slot days, 26 flown, 12 not used, 14 to come; 40 + 2 = 42 of 52, 80.8%. The counts agree. One thing it will not settle itself: the Oct 5 entry was coded ATC at 06:55 and changed to WX at 09:12 by Ray Delgado in Operations Control.

    Filing checker: “The METAR (34 knots gusting 47, ¾ mile in rain) and advisory 058 support WX. Accept the change and attach both?”

  8. 08Step 4 · Sign

    A reason code and her electronic signature

    Nadia Brennan · Slot Manager

    Nadia accepts the evidence and signs with reason code R1 · Weather beyond carrier control, five-day event — “meets the FAA standard: highly unusual, unpredictable, five or more consecutive days”. The other choice on the form is R6 · Evidence insufficient. Marcus Hale co-signs before it goes to the FAA.

  9. 09Filed

    Co-signed, filed with the FAA, and logged

    Marcus Hale · Airport Affairs Manager

    Marcus co-signs and the request goes to the FAA Slot Administration Office with its two log entries, six advisories and ten METARs. CV 2101 now shows 81% with relief filed, with no margin: every one of the 14 remaining departures must fly. One click asks Operations Control to protect them with the spare A321neo N412CV overnighting at LGA.

    Deadline keeper: “The FAA has no fixed deadline for a waiver request, but it should go before the Sep–Oct usage report on Nov 14, which will refer to it.”

  10. 10Next

    Two “cancellations” that actually flew

    Usage tracker

    DCA 1830 · CV 3318 shows 13 slot days not used, 79%. The Usage tracker found that on Sep 14 and Sep 21 a recovery flight, CV 9318, flew in the 1830 slot for the passengers of the canceled CV 3318, ACARS out at 18:34 and 18:41. Nadia counts both as flown: 50 of 61, 82%, and the mapping goes into the DCA usage report with the out, off, on and in times.

Who it’s for

Built for everyone who keeps a slot.

The same morning on the slot desk, seen by four of the people who carry it — what their season looked like, and what it looks like now.

NB
Nadia BrennanSlot Manager, Network Planning · 206 series at LGA, JFK, DCA and LHR
Slot Manager
Before
“I can't lose a LaGuardia slot because a cancellation code was wrong in the ops log.” Sees usage when the period ends, and writes every filing by hand.
Now
Starts the day with every series projected to the end of its period, the relief cases built and counted twice, and signs what she agrees with.
MH
Marcus HaleAirport Affairs Manager · the airline's voice with the FAA and the coordinators
Airport Affairs Manager
Before
“If we ask the FAA for relief, every flight in it has to stand up on its own.” Assembles weather and ATC evidence by hand.
Now
Co-signs waiver requests where each flight carries its operations log line, advisory and METAR, and the weak days are already left out with the reason.
LK
Lena KowalskiSchedule Planner, Network Planning
Schedule Planner
Before
“Tell me before I move a flight whether the slot comes with it.” Finds out a retime lost historic precedence after the coordinator answers.
Now
Sees each change in her network plan marked keeps history or loses history, with a time or aircraft that keeps it.
GT
Gwen TallisVP Network Planning · approves swaps, leases and thresholds
VP Network Planning
Before
“Show me the value and the risk on one page, and I'll sign.” Approves slot deals from letters and e-mail.
Now
Sees each swap or lease with its value, its inputs and its effect on usage, and is the only one who can commit a slot.
Built on the engine

7 agents. Each with one job, and hard limits.

Seven agents track every slot nightly, build relief cases with evidence and count every filing twice; the slot manager decides and signs.

Usage tracker

Every night matches each flown or canceled flight to its slot series by airport, time and days, finds flights that used a slot under another number, and projects every series to the end of its period assuming every remaining flight operates.

  • Never changes a cause code
  • Never counts a slot used without an operated flight in it
Relief finder

Reads the operations log, ATC advisories, METARs and NOTAMs for every unused slot day, tests it against that airport's rule — the FAA standard, the current FAA notices, the slot guidelines — and builds the relief or justified non-use case with its evidence.

  • Never files
  • Explains every “does not qualify”
  • Below the confidence gate, asks a person
Filing drafter

Drafts usage reports, FAA waiver requests, justified non-use claims, slot messages to coordinators in IATA SSIM format, slot returns and transfer notices.

  • Never sends — drafts only
Filing checker

Re-counts every filing on its own from the FAA's slot record, the coordinator's allocation and the operations log, and checks format, dates and arithmetic.

  • Never resolves a disagreement itself; asks a person
Season planner

Builds next season's requests from the network plan and checks every change for historic precedence against the airport's time tolerance before it is sent, with an option that keeps the history.

  • Never sends a request or accepts an offer
Swap & lease analyst

When a series cannot be kept well by flying it, proposes a swap or a lease that keeps the history, with the value and the effect on usage.

  • Never commits a slot
  • Every estimate shows its inputs
Deadline keeper

Keeps every FAA and coordinator date, reminds the owner 10, 5 and 1 days ahead, checks that the filing went, and escalates to the slot manager 2 days before with nothing ready.

  • Never files on its own
Slot manager

Signs filings; Airport Affairs co-signs waivers; the VP approves swaps and leases. The agents propose; a named person decides.

Ask in plain words

Ask the slot agents, in plain words

Ask about any series, cancellation, filing or deal — the agent that did the work answers, points to its source and offers the next step.

Which series could we lose this period?

Three, if nothing changes: LGA 0715 · CV 2101 at 77%, DCA 1830 · CV 3318 at 79% and LHR 0640 · CV 107 at 79.0%. Each has a way back: relief for two storm days, two flights found under CV 9318, and three runway-closure days.

Why don't the ATC cancellations of 2101 qualify?

The three on Sep 11, Sep 25 and Oct 9 were ground delay programs from New York approach staffing. The FAA's 2026 notice covers staffing through advance returns and says staffing shortfalls will not likely form a basis for further relief. Asking for them would weaken the request for the two storm days.

Do we need to fly anything empty to keep a slot?

No. The three at-risk series each have a way back without an extra flight, and the one series we cannot fly well this winter — DCA 2015 — goes to a lease instead of a near-empty E175. That lease waits for Gwen.

What does flying CV 3346 all winter cost us?

About $631,400: 154 flights at $4,100 each in crew, fuel and fees, with about 30 seats sold. The lease brings in $186,000 (estimated) and keeps the slot's history.

Every screen

The working solution, as it ships.

13 screens from the working solution, on its sample data. Pick one to see it large.

TodayThe slot manager's morning: series held, at risk of withdrawal, filings due, what needs her, and the slot agents' briefing beside it.
Slot usage monitoringEvery slot series as a ribbon of weeks against the 80% line of the use-it-or-lose-it rule, at-risk series first with the agent's note.
One series, day by dayLGA CV 2101 over its two-month period: slot days, flown, not used, needed for 80%, projected, with relief, and a what-if for more cancellations.
The cited sourceWhy a staffing cancellation does not qualify for an FAA slot waiver, with the FAA notice opened at the passage the agent relied on.
Relief case: evidenceThe two storm days in the relief case, each with its operations log entry, ATCSCC advisory and METAR, accepted one by one.
Relief case: the draftThe FAA slot waiver request drafted for the FAA Slot Administration Office, with each flight's cause and evidence in a table.
Relief case: the second countThe Filing checker's independent re-count against the FAA slot record, and its question about a changed cause code.
Sign with a reason codeThe slot manager signs the waiver request with a reason code and electronic signature; Airport Affairs co-signs before it is filed.
Filed with the FAASigned, co-signed and filed: the series back at 81% with relief, and a request to Operations Control to protect the remaining departures.
Flights under another numberSlot usage for DCA CV 3318: two cancellations that flew in the slot as recovery flight CV 9318, with ACARS times, ready for the slot manager to count as flown.
Next season's requestsSummer 2027 slot requests from initial submission to the slot conference, and each plan change marked keeps or loses historic precedence.
Swaps and leasesSlot swap and lease proposals with value, inputs and effect on usage, as the VP Network Planning sees them: a winter lease instead of a near-empty flight, waiting for her approval.
Ask the audit trailThe chained audit trail of every action by people and agents, with the Filing checker answering who changed CV 2101's Oct 5 cause code from ATC to WX, and why, from the operations log and storm advisories.
Governance

Airport slot management with every filing cited, counted twice and signed.

Every number cited to its sourceEvery count and cause on a filing points to the FAA slot record, the coordinator's allocation, the operations log line, the ACARS times, the METAR, the ATC advisory or the NOTAM it came from.
Every filing counted twiceThe Filing checker re-counts each usage report and relief request on its own, without the first agent's numbers. Any mismatch or changed record becomes a question to a person, never a quiet fix.
People sign, send and approveAgents draft, check and recommend; they hold no signing right. The slot manager signs with a reason code and electronic signature, Airport Affairs co-signs waiver requests, and only the VP Network Planning approves a swap or lease.
A changed cause keeps the originalChanging a cancellation's cause code needs a reason and is logged with the before and after, so a relief request never rests on a code nobody can explain.
Rules per airport, changes approvedEach airport's usage rule and counting period, from the FAA orders at LGA and JFK and 14 CFR 93.227 at DCA to the Worldwide Airport Slot Guidelines at coordinated airports, is a setting, not code. Settings changes are versioned and need the administrator; a threshold change also needs the VP Network Planning.
A chained audit trailEvery action by people and agents is recorded in order, each entry chained to the one before it. Nothing is edited or deleted; a correction is a new entry. Ask the Filing checker who changed a record and why, and it answers from the trail and its sources; the evidence for any filing exports as a signed archive.
Configuration

Your airports, your rules, your thresholds

Each airport's slot rule and the lines the agents work to are settings — versioned, approved and on the audit trail.

SettingDefaultChoose from
Watch line85% projectedAny value from 80% to 95%
Confidence gate95%Any value from 80% to 99%; a cause classified below it goes to a person
Filing ready5 days before due5 · 7 · 10 days
Relief draftedWithin 24 hours after a qualifying event endsWithin 24 hours · within 48 hours
LGA and DCAFAA · 80% of each two-month periodUsage report due 14 days after each period
JFKFAA · 80% of the seasonUsage checked by the FAA after the season
LHRCoordinator · 80/20 over the seasonLevel 3 coordinated; historic list after the season
EWRSchedule-facilitatedApproved times, no usage rule; add any airport with its rule
Connections

Works with the records a slot desk already uses

Schedule systemseason schedules and every change, every 15 minutes
Operations logcancellations, cause codes and remarks, live
ACARSout, off, on and in times for every flight
Weather and ATCMETARs, ATCSCC advisories and NOTAMs, archived daily
FAA Slot Administration Officefilings and confirmations by e-mail; slot holdings from the FAA records
Slot coordinatorsSCR, SAL and SHL messages in Type B format, and the coordinator's online portal
What it changes

The difference, in numbers.

Every figure is labelled: a target the solution is built to, an estimate, a typical published result, or a proven one.

target
0
slot series withdrawn for non-use
206 of 206
series above 80% after today's actions
typical
$10–75M
what a Heathrow slot pair has been valued at
target
100%
usage reports and relief requests on time, each cause cited
7 of 7
unused days won back in today's cases, each cited

“demo” = seen in the working solution, on its sample data · “target” = the design goal, measured in the live solution · “estimated” = our estimate · “typical” = published figures (Bloomberg via AirlineGeeks, 2025, on Heathrow slot-pair values; Transport & Environment via AirlineGeeks on ghost-flight CO2 in 2020–21). Rules named on this page: FAA Operating Limitations at LGA (89 FR 41484) and JFK (89 FR 41486), 14 CFR 93.227, FR Doc. 2025-14100 and FR Doc. 2026-12593 (staffing relief to Oct 30, 2027), the IATA Worldwide Airport Slot Guidelines and IATA SSIM. Corvane Airways, Northway Regional, Halden Air, Kestrel Air and every person named on this page are fictional — characters and sample data in the working solution.

Questions

What airline slot teams ask us.

What is Airport Slot Management?

Airport Slot Management is airport slot management software for the airline slot desk. It covers airline slot management at FAA-slotted and coordinated airports: slot usage monitoring against the 80/20 rule, relief and justified non-use cases, slot messages to coordinators and next season's requests. Seven agents match every flight to its slot each night, build each case with every flight's cause cited, and count every filing twice; the slot manager decides and signs.

What is the 80/20 rule for airport slots?

It is the use-it-or-lose-it rule: an airline keeps a slot only if it uses it at least 80% of the time. At LaGuardia and at Reagan National (14 CFR 93.227) the FAA counts usage over each two-month period, at JFK over the season, and at coordinated airports such as Heathrow a series keeps its historic precedence at 80% of the season under the Worldwide Airport Slot Guidelines, which also accept justified non-use (justified non-utilization of slots), such as a runway closure. The solution projects every series to the end of its period against that line.

When does the FAA grant a slot usage waiver?

For a highly unusual and unpredictable condition beyond the carrier's control that affects operations for five or more consecutive days, such as the five-day coastal storm in the demo. The Relief finder tests each unused day against that standard and the current FAA notices, puts only the qualifying days in the request, and explains why the others do not qualify — staffing cancellations, for example, are covered through advance returns.

Does it count flights that operated under another flight number?

Yes. The Usage tracker finds flights that used a slot under a recovery or re-numbered flight number, with the ACARS out, off, on and in times as evidence. In the demo, two DCA cancellations had flown as recovery flight CV 9318, which took the series from 79% to 82% once the slot manager counted them.

How do airlines keep historic precedence when they retime a flight?

By staying inside the airport's time tolerance, or keeping the days and frequency, so the coordinator treats the change as a retime of the historic series and not a new request. The Season planner checks every change in next season's network plan against that tolerance before a request is sent and marks it keeps history or loses history. For a change that would lose its historic slot rights, it offers an option that keeps them, such as a nearby time or a smaller aircraft on weekends, for the schedule planner to choose.

Can we lease a slot instead of flying a near-empty flight?

Yes. When a series cannot be kept well by flying it, the Swap & lease analyst proposes a lease or swap that keeps the history, with the value, its inputs and the effect on usage, and the Filing drafter prepares the FAA or coordinator notice. Only the VP Network Planning can approve it.

Does the AI file anything with the FAA or a coordinator on its own?

No. The agents draft, check and recommend; they never send, file, accept, sign, swap or lease. The slot manager signs each FAA slot waiver request or justified non-use claim with a reason code and electronic signature, Airport Affairs co-signs waiver requests, the VP Network Planning approves swaps and leases, and every step is on a chained audit trail.

How long does it take to go live?

The Agentic Solution Engine builds and deploys it from your requirements and documents — your slot holdings, airport rules, filing templates and system connections — and it goes live once every quality gate has passed. A first-time setup checklist adds your airports and their rules, loads your slot holdings, and connects the schedule system, operations log, ACARS and the coordinator portal in the order the agents need them.

See it on
your slots.

We'll run Airport Slot Management on a sample of your own slot holdings, schedule and operations log.